Neuraminidase1 Activity Contributes to Vasopressin Receptor-mediated Augmentation of Water and Electrolyte Retention by the Kidney in Eln Haploinsufficient Mice

Figures

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  Figure 1.. Urine flow rate, osmolality, and sodium and potassium excretion rate following acute extracellular fluid volume expansion with normal saline in the presence and absence of dDAVP (0.02, 0.06 and 0.2 μg/kg, i.p.) in female mice. (A) Urine flow rate after volume loading with saline, both with and without dDAVP, are presented for Eln+/+ and Eln+/− mice. (B) Bar graph showing urine osmolality (Uosm). (C & D) Bar graph showing urine sodium (UNa+) and potassium (UK+) excretion rate, respectively, which was calculated using the concentration of electrolytes in urine samples collected from the 75th and 150th minute. Symbols represent individual animals in each experimental group and genotype. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA mixed model with Sîdak post hoc test. Values in bar graphs are expressed as mean ± SEM.

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  Figure 2.. Urine flow rate, osmolality, and sodium and potassium excretion rate following acute extracellular fluid volume expansion with normal saline in the presence and absence of dDAVP (0.02, 0.06 and 0.2 μg/kg, i.p.) in male mice. (A) Urine flow rate after volume loading with saline, both with and without dDAVP, are presented for Eln+/+ and Eln+/− mice. (B) Bar graph showing urine osmolality (Uosm). (C & D) Bar graph showing urine sodium (UNa+) and potassium (UK+) excretion rate, respectively, which was calculated using the concentration of electrolytes in urine samples collected from the 75th and 150th minute. Symbols represent individual animals in each experimental group and genotype. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA mixed model with Sîdak post hoc test. Values in bar graphs are expressed as mean ± SEM.

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  Figure 3.. Urine sodium and potassium excretion rate following acute extracellular fluid volume expansion with normal saline with or without intraperitoneal injection of saline, furosemide, or amiloride in female and male Eln+/+ and Eln+/− mice. (A) Urine sodium excretion rate (UNa+) is presented for Eln+/+ and Eln+/− female mice. (B) Bar graph showing urine potassium excretion rate (UK+) in Eln+/+ and Eln+/− female mice. (C & D) Bar graph showing urine sodium and potassium excretion rate in male Eln+/+ and Eln+/− mice, respectively. Symbols represent individual animals in each experimental group and genotype. Values were calculated using the concentration of electrolytes in samples collected up to the 75th minute. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA mixed model with Sîdak post hoc test. Values in bar graphs are expressed as mean ± SEM.

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  Figure 4.. Urine sodium and potassium excretion rate following acute extracellular fluid volume expansion with or without intraperitoneal injection of furosemide, amiloride, furosemide + DANA, or amiloride + DANA in female and male Eln+/+ and Eln+/− mice. (A, C) Bar graph showing urine sodium excretion rate (UNa+) in Eln+/+ and Eln+/− mice. (B, D) Bar graph showing urine potassium excretion rate (UK+) in Eln+/+ and Eln+/− mice. Symbols represent individual animals in each experimental group and genotype. Values were calculated using the concentration of electrolytes in urine samples collected from the 150th minute. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA mixed model with Sîdak post hoc test. Values in bar graphs are expressed as mean ± SEM.

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  Figure 5.. Urine sodium and potassium excretion rate following acute extracellular fluid volume expansion with or without intraperitoneal injection of dDAVP and dDAVP + DANA in female male Eln+/+ and Eln+/− mice. (A, B) Bar graphs showing urine sodium (UNa+) and potassium (UK+) excretion rates in female Eln+/+ and Eln+/− mice. (C & D) Bar graphs showing urine sodium and potassium excretion rate in male Eln+/+ and Eln+/− mice. Symbols represent individual animals in each experimental group and genotype. Values were calculated using the concentration of electrolytes in combined urine samples collected from the 75th, 150th and 225th minute. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA mixed model with Sîdak post hoc test. Values in bar graphs are expressed as mean ± SEM.

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  Figure 6.. Transdermal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) before and after intraperitoneal injection of DANA in female and male Eln+/+ and Eln+/− mice. (A, B) Bar graphs showing transdermal GFR in female and male Eln+/+ and Eln+/− mice, respectively. Symbols represent individual animals in each experimental group and genotype. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA mixed model with with Sîdak post hoc test. Values in bar graphs are expressed as mean ± SEM.

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  Figure 7.. Putative mechanism of neuraminidase 1 (NEU1)-mediated modulation of vasopressin receptor-activated water and electrolyte handling by the kidney in Eln haploinsufficiency. AC, Adenylyl Cyclase; AQP2, Aquaporin 2; dDAVP, 1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin/Desmopressin; EBP, Elastin Binding Protein; ENaC, Epithelial Sodium Channel; ERC, Elastin Receptor Complex; H2O, Water; K+, Potassium Ion; Na+, Sodium Ion; NKCC2, Sodium-Potassium-Chloride Cotransporter 2; PPCA, Protective Protein/Cathepsin A; RK+, Reabsorbed potassium; RNa+, Reabsorbed sodium; UK+, Urinary potassium excretion; UNa+, Urinary sodium excretion; UOsm, Urinary osmolality; V2R, Vasopressin receptor 2.