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The P2Y 14 purinergic receptor (P2Y 14 R) plays a crucial role in the progression of liver fibrosis, and selective inhibition of this receptor has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach. In this study, an integrative computational pipeline identified a unique and highly flexible binding pocket within P2Y 14 R, which is divided into two quasi-symmetrical subdomains. Leveraging this structural feature, we designed and synthesized two novel families of inhibitors based on benzoxazole-urea and benzoxazole-squaramide scaffolds. The lead compound, 47 ( HDB-1 ), demonstrates exceptional potency (IC 50 = 0.026 nM) and superior metabolic stability. HDB-1 exhibited antihepatic fibrosis activity both in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, HDB-1 inhibits P2Y 14 R-mediated signaling by suppressing the PKA/Raf1/MEK/ERK cascade, thereby preventing the activation of hepatic stellate cells-the central pathological event in fibrosis development. Taken together, HDB-1 represents a novel and potent P2Y 14 R inhibitor with strong potential as an available therapeutic for liver fibrosis driven by dysregulated P2Y 14 R signaling.
Li et al. (Mon,) studied this question.