Key result
Among patients scheduled for elective surgery, the prevalence of functional disability was 34.5%, and it was strongly associated with depression (AOR 7.90; 95% CI 4.16-15.01) and malnutrition.
Why the study?
Preoperative functional disability is linked to increased perioperative morbidity and mortality, making its assessment vital to enhance functional recovery.
What is the prevalence and what are the predictors of preoperative functional disability among patients scheduled for elective surgery?
Cross-Sectional (n=403)
Yes
What is the prevalence and what are the predictors of preoperative functional disability among patients scheduled for elective surgery?
Odds Ratio: 7.9 (95% CI 4.16–15.01)
Over a third of patients scheduled for elective surgery in Northwest Ethiopia have preoperative functional disability, which is strongly associated with modifiable factors such as malnutrition, depression, pain, and alcohol consumption.
Preoperative functional disability affects over one-third of surgical patients; cross-sectional data leaves open its impact on outcomes.
Background: Assessment of preoperative functional disability is vital for health status information. It is associated with an increase in perioperative risk of morbidity and mortality. Preoperative period is a critical time to enhance patient’s functional recovery. So, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of preoperative functional disability among patients scheduled for elective surgery. Methods: Institution-based, multi-center, cross-sectional study was conducted in three Northwest Ethiopia referral hospitals from April 2021 to June 2021. Patients who scheduled for elective surgery in surgical, orthopedic, gynecology and ophthalmology wards were interviewed with semi-structured questionnaires. Functional disability was assessed by using a 12-item World Health Organization Disability Assessment schedule. Data were analyzed by SPSS version26.0. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to determine the associated variables. Results: A total of 403 patients who scheduled for elective surgery with mean age of (43.21 ± 16.18) years were included. The prevalence of preoperative functional disability was 34.5% (95% CI: 29.8, 39). Alcohol consumption (AOR: 2.05, 95% CI; 1.11, 3.77), malnutrition (AOR: 6.85, 95% CI; 3.06, 15.33), pain (AOR: 2.26, 95% CI; 1.28, 3.99) and depression (AOR: 7.90, 95% CI; 4.16, 15.01) were significantly associated with functional disability. Conclusion: The prevalence of preoperative functional disability was high. Alcohol consumption, nutritional deficiency, pain and depression were among the modifiable risk factors. So, added vigilance is needed in patients with these modifiable risk factors before surgery.
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Zeleke et al. (2022) conducted a cross-sectional in Scheduled for elective surgery (n=403). Depression vs. No depression was evaluated on Preoperative functional disability (AOR 7.90, 95% CI 4.16-15.01). Among patients scheduled for elective surgery, the prevalence of functional disability was 34.5%, and it was strongly associated with depression (AOR 7.90; 95% CI 4.16-15.01) and malnutrition.
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