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The retrospective analysis of 210 patients between 1 month and 17 years old with 314 primary vesicoureteral units with reflux was reviewed. Our results show that there was a direct correlation between the grade of reflux and the per cent of abnormal ureteral orifices. Medical management of low grade reflux produced successful results in 60 per cent of the cases. Operation was highly successful in grade I, II, and III reflux as opposed to grade IV. The distal tunnel (Glenn-Anderson) and Politano-Leadbetter procedures were equally effective in curing reflux. Postoperative urinary infection occurred equally in all grades and usually was confined to the bladder.
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Wacksman et al. (1978) studied this question.
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