Key result
Plasma levels of IFN-γ and SCGF-β were significantly elevated in adult patients with cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury and correlated with postoperative changes in serum creatinine.
Why the study?
The pathogenesis of cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury remains unclear, and specific predictive biomarkers or diagnostic criteria beyond general clinical variables like serum creatinine are lacking.
Do plasma cytokines measured within 24 hours after cardiac surgery predict the development of acute kidney injury?
Cohort (n=306)
No
Do plasma cytokines measured within 24 hours after cardiac surgery predict the development of acute kidney injury?
p-value: p=< 1E-5
IFN-γ and SCGF-β may serve as novel predictive plasma biomarkers for adult cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury.
Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) occurs in about 30% of patients with cardiac surgery, but the pathogenesis of cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) remains unclear and there are no predictive biomarkers or diagnostic criteria specific for CSA-AKI beyond the general clinical variables for AKI like serum creatinine (SCr). Methods and Results We measured the plasma levels of 48 cytokines within 24 h after cardiac surgery in a total of 306 adult patients including 204 with and 102 without AKI, and then evaluated the diagnostic efficacy of these cytokines for the development of CSA-AKI via ANOVA and Pearson correlation analysis. Among these 48 cytokines, 20 of them were significantly different in the AKI patients compared with the non-AKI patients. In particularly, 13 cytokines displayed tremendous changes with the P < 1E –5 . Moreover, 10 of the 48 cytokines in the plasma were significantly different among the patients with different stages of AKI. Specifically, 6 cytokines exhibited immense differences with the P < 1E –5 . Additionally, 7 of the 48 cytokines have the correlation coefficient of r > 0.5 with the postoperative changes of SCr after cardiac surgery. Conclusion Taken all the results together, IFN-γ and SCGF-β were the most relevant two cytokines that were not only remarkably changed in adult CSA-AKI patients during the first 24 h after cardiac surgery, but also significantly correlated with the postoperative changes of SCr after cardiac surgery. Therefore, IFN-γ and SCGF-β might be novel predictive plasma biomarker, as well as potential therapeutic targets specific for adult CSA-AKI.
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Chen et al. (2020) conducted a cohort in Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) (n=306). Plasma cytokines (IFN-γ and SCGF-β) vs. Non-AKI patients was evaluated on Occurrence and severity of AKI defined by the rise of serum creatinine following cardiac surgery (p=< 1E-5). Plasma levels of IFN-γ and SCGF-β were significantly elevated in adult patients with cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury and correlated with postoperative changes in serum creatinine.
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