Key result
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation resulted in new-onset LBBB in 25% of patients, with depth of valve implantation being a strong predictor (OR 37.6; 95% CI 14.6-65.2; p=0.001).
Why the study?
Beyond pacemaker implantation risks, few studies had performed a detailed assessment of the effects of TAVI on several cardiac electrical properties according to prosthesis type.
Does transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) cause electrocardiographic disturbances in patients without permanent pacemakers?
Observational (n=182)
No
Does transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) cause electrocardiographic disturbances in patients without permanent pacemakers?
Odds Ratio: 37.6 (95% CI 14.6–65.2)
p-value: p=0.001
TAVI is associated with significant electrocardiographic disturbances, including PR and QRS prolongation and new-onset LBBB, which are strongly predicted by the depth of valve implantation.
Deeper implantation associated with new LBBB post-TAVI; hypothesis-generating for optimized positioning in prospective trials.
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is associated with cardiac electrical disturbances. However, beyond the risks of pacemaker implantation, few studies have performed a detailed assessment of the effects of TAVI on several cardiac electrical properties. To assess the frequency and type of electrocardiographic disturbances following TAVI, according to the type of prostheses and to assess predictors of these disturbances. We performed a detailed retrospective analysis of all electrocardiograms in patients who underwent TAVI, before and after the procedure, at a tertiary center from August 2007 to October 2016. Patients with permanent pacemakers were excluded. We included 182 patients (78±8 years; 56% female) and self-expanding prostheses (SEP) were implanted in 54%. Most patients (80%) were in sinus rhythm at baseline. After TAVI, 21% of patients developed new-onset atrial fibrillation and there was a significant increase in PR interval at discharge (186±41 ms vs. 176±32; p=0.003), which was not maintained after at six-month follow-up (181±35 ms, p=0.06). There was also a significant increase in QRS duration at discharge (129±28 ms vs. 114±25 at baseline p<0.0001), which persisted at six-months (122±28 ms, p<0.0001). New-onset left-bundle branch block (LBBB) was observed in 25% of patients. The depth of valve implantation was a predictor of new LBBB at discharge after multivariate analysis (OR 37.6, 95% CI 14.6–65.2, p=0.001). The main electrocardiographic disturbances post TAVI were PR prolongation, increased QRS and new-onset LBBB. These disturbances were more pronounced in patients undergoing SEP implantation and tended to improve at six-month follow-up. The depth of valve implantation was a predictor of conduction disturbances. A implantação percutânea de prótese aórtica (TAVI) associa-se a alterações da condução elétrica cardíaca. Contudo, à exceção do risco de implantação de pacemaker definitivo, poucos estudos avaliaram os efeitos da TAVI nas propriedades elétricas. Avaliar a frequência e o tipo de alterações elétricas após a TAVI, consoante o tipo de prótese; avaliar os preditores destas alterações. Análise retrospetiva dos electrocardiogramas, antes e após TAVI, num centro terciário entre agosto/2007 e outubro/2016. Os doentes com pacemaker permanente foram excluídos. Incluídos 182 doentes (78±8 anos; sexo feminino 56%) e em 54% destes implantadas próteses autoexpansíveis. Antes do procedimento, 80% dos doentes estavam em ritmo sinusal. Após a TAVI, 21% tiveram fibrilhação auricular de novo e houve aumento significativo do intervalo PR à alta (186±41 ms versus 176±32; p=0,003), que não persistiu aos seis meses (181±35 ms, p=0,06). Houve aumento significativo da duração do complexo QRS à alta (129±28 ms versus 114±25; p<0,0001), que persistiu aos seis meses (122±28 ms, p<0,0001). Em 25% dos doentes verificou-se bloqueio de ramo esquerdo de novo (BRE). A profundidade de implantação da prótese no trato de saída do ventrículo esquerdo foi preditora de BRE à alta pela análise multivariada (OR 37,6, 95% CI 14,6–65,2, p=0,001). As principais alterações elétricas cardíacas após a TAVI foram o prolongamento do intervalo PR, aumento do QRS e BRE de novo. Estas alterações foram mais acentuadas nos doentes com próteses autoexpansíveis e houve tendência para a melhoria aos seis meses. A profundidade de implantação da prótese foi preditora de BRE.
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Manuel et al. (2020) conducted an observational in Aortic valve disease requiring TAVI (n=182). Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) vs. Baseline was evaluated on New-onset left-bundle branch block (LBBB) at discharge (OR 37.6, 95% CI 14.6-65.2, p=0.001). Transcatheter aortic valve implantation resulted in new-onset LBBB in 25% of patients, with depth of valve implantation being a strong predictor (OR 37.6; 95% CI 14.6-65.2; p=0.001).
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