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July 26, 2026˜The œItalian Journal of Pediatrics/Italian journal of pediatricsOpen Access

Lung ultrasound versus chest X-ray in pediatric lower respiratory tract infections at a tertiary center: a prospective observational study

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Authors

RERehab ElmeazawyAAAsmaa Azmy AboradyAAAhmed Mohamed Abd-Razik

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Overview

Prospective observational study evaluates diagnostic performance of lung ultrasound against chest X-ray in children, suggesting important implications for clinical practice.

Key Points

  • This study aims to assess the diagnostic performance of lung ultrasound compared to chest X-ray in pediatric lower respiratory tract infections.
  • Prospective observational study involving 338 children aged 1 month to 18 years with suspected lower respiratory tract infections.
  • Participants underwent lung ultrasound and chest X-ray assessments at admission and follow-up for comparison.
  • Lung ultrasound findings were analyzed for sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, accuracy, and agreement using Cohen’s kappa.
  • Lung ultrasound showed high sensitivity for detecting pulmonary pathology (95.6% at admission, 96.7% at follow-up).
  • Specificity improved from 29.4% at admission to 62.9% at follow-up, indicating better performance over time.
  • Overall agreement between lung ultrasound and chest X-ray increased from fair (κ = 0.311) to substantial (κ = 0.607) from admission to follow-up.

Cite This Study

Elmeazawy et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a65a36cd3aea3239cd76926https://doi.org/10.1186/s13052-026-02314-6
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Lung ultrasound in children with primary ciliary dyskinesia or cystic fibrosis2024
  2. 2Chest Ultrasound versus Chest X-Ray in Children with Lower Respiratory Tract Infections2021 · 3 citations
  3. 3Signs and lines in lung ultrasound2021 · 104 citations
  4. 4Diagnostic Accuracy of Lung Ultrasound Performed by Novice Versus Advanced Sonographers for Pneumonia in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis2019 · 75 citations
  5. 5Use of lung ultrasound in school-aged children with wheezing2023 · 8 citations