Proposed Specifiers for Conduct Disorder (PSCD): Factor structure and convergent discriminant validity in 14- to 19-year-old middle-to-upper-income adolescents.

-based disruptive behavior disorders (i.e., conduct disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder) and pertinent personality constructs (i.e., assured-dominant, cold-hearted), and demonstrated good discriminant validity with internalizing disorders (i.e., anxiety and depression) and relevant personality dimensions (i.e., warm-agreeable). Criterion-related validity analyses showed that the PSCD demonstrated the hypothesized relations with parenting practices, peer functioning, prosociality, relational aggression, antisocial conduct, substance use, impersonal/unsafe sex, and unsafe driving practices. The prevalence rate for elevated PSCD scores in this sample was found to be 3.4%. Findings indicate that the PSCD measure may help to advance our understanding of psychopathic personality specifiers for conduct disorder in middle-to-upper-income adolescents. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).