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This study aims to quantify the effects of climate change on maize yields in Pakistan's Peshawar region.

Modeling the impact of climate change in the semiarid maize cropping system through real-time sensor–GCM integration

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Randomized trial models maize yield predictions in Peshawar, indicating significant climate impacts on productivity.

This study aims to quantify the effects of climate change on maize yields in Pakistan's Peshawar region.
Conducted a two-year field experiment (2020-21) evaluating two maize hybrids using the DSSAT model.
Integrated real-time environmental data and GCM scenarios for yield prediction.
Developed an iterative recalibration module to enhance model accuracy based on environmental feedback.
RMSE of 397 kg ha −1 for hybrid-1 and 411 kg ha −1 for hybrid-2 in calibration.
Predicted yield declines of 14% under RCP4.5 and 16% under RCP8.5 due to increased temperatures.
Irrigation demand anticipated to rise by 15-22% by 2100.

Ahmad et al. (2026) studied this question.

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