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July 26, 2026Open Access

Tools, Not Code: Microservice Root Cause Analysis with Cost-Effective Language Models

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Authors

YKYoungdong KimKSKihoon ShinHKHanjae Kim

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Overview

Randomized trial demonstrates a tool-augmented approach improves root cause analysis accuracy in microservices, suggesting optimal architectural strategies.

Key Points

  • The research aims to enhance automated root cause analysis (RCA) in microservices by integrating structured diagnostic tools with language models.
  • Developed a tool-augmented multi-agent RCA system.
  • Implemented a four-stage pipeline including deterministic triage, LLM-based hypothesis formation, targeted hypothesis testing, and ensemble prediction.
  • Tested the system on the OpenRCA benchmark with 335 failure scenarios across four microservice systems.
  • Improved binary accuracy from 7.5% to 12.8% and partial score from 15.9% to 37.9% compared to code-generation paradigm.
  • Deterministic triage contributed the largest accuracy gain by compiling domain knowledge into preprocessing.
  • Multi-agent investigation enhanced fault-type discrimination but resulted in occasional over-falsification.

Cite This Study

Kim et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a65a660d3aea3239cd77cc4https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21503088
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Exploring LLM-based Agents for Root Cause Analysis2024
  2. 2ChatRCA: A Root Cause Analysis Method via LLMs-based Multi-Agent with Human-in-the-Loop2026
  3. 3GALA: Can Graph-Augmented Large Language Model Agentic Workflows Elevate Root Cause Analysis?2025
  4. 4RCA Copilot: Transforming Network Data into Actionable Insights via Large Language Models2025
  5. 5LLMRCA: Multilevel Root Cause Analysis for LLM Applications Using Multimodal Observability Data2026 · 1 citations