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August 30, 2026ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology

ChatRCA: A Root Cause Analysis Method via LLMs-based Multi-Agent with Human-in-the-Loop

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Authors

MHMingxuan HuiLWLu WangQLQingshan Li

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Overview

Benchmarking evaluation demonstrates high diagnostic accuracy across cloud-operation systems, highlighting the value of multi-agent collaboration with human oversight.

Key Points

  • To develop and evaluate ChatRCA, a multi-agent framework that structures root cause analysis tasks across specialized large language models while incorporating targeted human feedback.
  • Decomposed root cause analysis into specialized subtasks assigned to Manager, Observation, Architecture, Operation, and Expert LLM agents based on an empirical study of diagnostic workflows.
  • Integrated human-in-the-loop checkpoints at work-order verification and root-cause adjudication using a consensus-then-arbitration protocol with three blinded operations engineers.
  • Evaluated diagnostic performance across three datasets: TrainTicket, a private CMCC cloud-operation dataset, and GAIA.
  • Achieved root-cause category Top-1 accuracy of 91.11% on TrainTicket, 86.67% on the CMCC cloud dataset, and 87.80% on GAIA.
  • Generated high-quality root cause explanations on the CMCC dataset, attaining a BLEU-4 score of 63.45 and a BERTScore of 86.92.

Cite This Study

Hui et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a93f1056c1a8fb52e79dae9https://doi.org/10.1145/3842744
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