GIS Applications in Road Construction: Bibliometric Insights and Conceptual Framework for Interim Payment Valuation

This study presents a novel perspective on integrating Geographic Information Systems (GIS) into Interim Payment Valuation (IPV) in road construction, addressing a critical gap between spatial technologies and construction financial governance. Despite its fairness, IPV remains constrained by non-spatial, document-based practices prone to subjectivity and delays. Existing digital solutions such as BIM and blockchain face limitations in flexibility and practical implementation. This research reconceptualizes IPV as a spatial decision-making process and positions GIS within a Spatial Decision Support Systems (SDSS) framework to enhance transparency and objectivity. Adopting a bibliometric analysis of 64 Scopus-indexed publications (1999–2023), the study identifies a technocentric bias and limited focus on financial applications. It contributes by reframing GIS as a governance-enabling tool and proposing an incremental, user-centred framework for GIS-based IPV, supporting improved decision-making and payment processes.