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This research investigates how multi-dimensional urban forms influence PM2.5 concentrations in urban settings and identifies driving factors.

July 26, 2026PLoS ONEOpen Access

Global and local impacts of multi-dimensional urban form on PM2.5 concentrations: A case study of the downstream urban agglomeration in the Yangtze River Delta

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Randomized trial reveals multi-dimensional urban form impacts PM2.5 levels in urban agglomerations, suggesting pathways for pollution control.

This research investigates how multi-dimensional urban forms influence PM2.5 concentrations in urban settings and identifies driving factors.
Constructed a 1D-2D-3D urban form indicator system
Utilized spatial autocorrelation and hot spot analyses
Employed Optimal parameters-based geographical detector and GW-XGBoost models
Average PM2.5 concentration decreased from 60.77 μg/m3 in 2014 to 29.52 μg/m3 in 2022, a reduction of up to 40.61%
High urban forms concentrated east of Nanjing; mean building height and floor area ratio showed strong correlations of 0.78 and 0.85 respectively
Significant effects of river density and elevation on PM2.5 with q-values of 0.3232 and 0.2604 respectively, highlighting key urban features influencing pollution.

Tang et al. (2026) studied this question.

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July 26, 2026PLoS ONEOpen Access

View Full Paper

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Authors

Randomized trial reveals multi-dimensional urban form impacts PM2.5 levels in urban agglomerations, suggesting pathways for pollution control.

This research investigates how multi-dimensional urban forms influence PM2.5 concentrations in urban settings and identifies driving factors.
Constructed a 1D-2D-3D urban form indicator system
Utilized spatial autocorrelation and hot spot analyses
Employed Optimal parameters-based geographical detector and GW-XGBoost models
Average PM2.5 concentration decreased from 60.77 μg/m3 in 2014 to 29.52 μg/m3 in 2022, a reduction of up to 40.61%
High urban forms concentrated east of Nanjing; mean building height and floor area ratio showed strong correlations of 0.78 and 0.85 respectively
Significant effects of river density and elevation on PM2.5 with q-values of 0.3232 and 0.2604 respectively, highlighting key urban features influencing pollution.

Tang et al. (2026) studied this question.

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