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July 26, 2026Journal of Community Health

Prevalence of Risk Factors and Awareness of University Students regarding Hypertension and Cardiovascular Diseases in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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Key result

Being a medical student linked to ~274% greater awareness of hypertension and CVD risk factors.

  • OR 3.744
  • P=0.002
  • n=634

Why the study?

Hypertension prevalence is rising in younger people due to increases in risk factors, motivating an assessment of hypertension risk factors and cardiovascular disease awareness among university students.

What is the prevalence of hypertension risk factors and awareness of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases among university students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia?

Population

634 university students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Design

Cross-sectional survey study

Authors

MAMona AlfadeelRMRahma MariumNANoor Afif Alshakhs

Discussion

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Member takes

Overview

High awareness supports targeted education for non-medical students; leaves open effects on actual CVD outcomes.

Key Points

  • This study aims to assess the prevalence of hypertension risk factors and evaluate awareness among university students.
  • Cross-sectional study design with 634 university students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
  • Data collected via a Google form questionnaire assessing sociodemographic data and hypertension knowledge.
  • Data analyzed using chi-square and regression analyses with significance level p < 0.05.
  • 50.5% of participants reported a family history of hypertension, and 31.7% were overweight or obese.
  • High awareness regarding hypertension (92.3%) and CVD risk factors (89.4%) was observed among participants.
  • Medical students were significantly more aware of hypertension (OR: 3.744, p = 0.002) and CVD risk factors (OR: 4.594, p < 0.001).

Study Design

Type

Cross-Sectional (n=634)

Structured PICO

What is the prevalence of hypertension risk factors and awareness of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases among university students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia?

P
Population
634 university students aged 20-22 in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, assessed for hypertension risk factors and awareness of cardiovascular diseases.
O
Outcome
Prevalence of hypertension risk factors and awareness of hypertension and cardiovascular disease risk factorspatient reported

Main Result

Odds Ratio: 3.744

p-value: p=0.002

University students in Riyadh demonstrate high overall awareness of hypertension and CVD risk factors, though targeted educational initiatives are still needed for non-medical students.

Cite This Study

Alfadeel et al. (2026) conducted a cross-sectional in Hypertension and Cardiovascular Diseases (n=634). Medical academic major vs. Non-medical academic major was evaluated on Higher awareness regarding hypertension (OR 3.744, p=0.002). Being a medical student was associated with significantly higher awareness regarding hypertension (OR 3.744, p=0.002) and CVD risk factors (OR 4.594, p<0.001).

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a65ab35d3aea3239cd794e4https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-026-01616-4
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Knowledge regarding risk factors of hypertension among entry year students of a medical university2011 · 53 citations
  2. 2Prevalence and associated factors of hypertension complications among hypertensive patients at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Referral Hospital2021 · 21 citations
  3. 3Cardiovascular risk knowledge and related behaviors among youths: a cross-sectional study in a sample of Italian undergraduates2023 · 3 citations
  4. 4Factors associated with knowledge of hypertension among adolescents: implications for preventive education programs in primary care2015 · 25 citations
  5. 5Hypertension in young adults2016 · 109 citations