Study of the level of (TNF-?), oxidative stress and some biochemical parameters in patients with hypothyroidism in the city of samarra

: Hypothyroidism is the insufficient production of thyroid hormone to satisfy the body's metabolic needs. Untreated hypothyroidism may lead to hypertension, lipid problems, infertility, cognitive impairment, and neuromuscular dysfunction. Hypothyroidism may arise due to insufficient thyroid stimulation from the hypothalamus or pituitary gland. The research included obtaining(76) blood serum samples, consisting of (50) samples from individuals with hypothyroidism and (26) samples from healthy individuals serving as the control group. The samples were gathered from outpatient clinics in the city of Samarra between September( 2023) and January (2024). The participants' ages spanned from( 30 – 55) years in order to assess the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-ɑ), hormones (T3), (T4), and (TSH), as well as measure superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA). Additionally, the insulin levels were measured in both the hypothyroid patient group and the control group. The findings demonstrated a noteworthy elevation in the probability level (P ≤0.05) of TNF-ɑ, TSH, MDA, and Insulin, as well as a substantial reduction at the probability level (P ≤0.05) of T3, T4, SOD, and GSH in the patient group as compared to the control group.