Mechanism study of miR-324-3p driving myocardial infarction progression through regulation of myocardial inflammation

Q: What are the key findings of this study?

Serum miR-324-3p was significantly upregulated in patients with acute myocardial infarction, demonstrating high diagnostic value with an AUC of 0.889.

Q: What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Case-Control. Population: Acute myocardial infarction (n=159). Intervention: Serum miR-324-3p vs. Healthy controls. Primary outcome: Diagnostic efficacy for acute myocardial infarction (AUC 0.889, p=<0.0001).

Q: What does this research mean for the field?

Serum miR-324-3p is significantly upregulated in acute myocardial infarction patients with high diagnostic value and exacerbates hypoxia/reoxygenation cardiomyocyte injury and inflammation by targeting STAT3. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.INCREMENTAL. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

Q: What question did this study set out to answer?

To examine serum miR-324-3p expression in acute myocardial infarction and evaluate its regulatory effects on cardiomyocyte inflammation, oxidative stress, and viability through STAT3.

Hongxia Liu; Wenjing Zhu; Wenzheng Wang; Ruishuang Tang

doi:10.1186/s13019-026-04497-9

July 25, 2026Journal of Cardiothoracic SurgeryOpen Access

Mechanism study of miR-324-3p driving myocardial infarction progression through regulation of myocardial inflammation

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Key result

Elevated serum miR-324-3p accurately identifies acute myocardial infarction with an AUC of ~0.89.

AUC 0.889
P<0.0001
n=159

Why the study?

The study was designed to analyze miR-324-3p expression in AMI and determine its regulatory effects on cardiomyocyte inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, and cell viability.

Does miR-324-3p expression correlate with acute myocardial infarction and regulate myocardial injury?

Key Points

To examine serum miR-324-3p expression in acute myocardial infarction and evaluate its regulatory effects on cardiomyocyte inflammation, oxidative stress, and viability through STAT3.
Enrolled 77 acute myocardial infarction patients and 82 healthy controls to quantify serum miR-324-3p by qRT-PCR and assess diagnostic performance via ROC curve analysis.
Subjected H9c2 cardiomyocytes to a hypoxia/reoxygenation injury model, validating the target relationship between miR-324-3p and STAT3 using luciferase assays and gene rescue experiments.
Serum miR-324-3p was significantly upregulated in acute myocardial infarction patients compared to controls (p < 0.0001), showing an ROC AUC of 0.889 with a sensitivity of 0.831, specificity of 0.793, and a cutoff value of 1.125.
Hypoxia/reoxygenation increased miR-324-3p and reduced STAT3 expression in H9c2 cells; miR-324-3p overexpression worsened inflammation, while knocking down STAT3 reversed the protective effects of miR-324-3p inhibition.

Study Design

Type

Case-Control (n=159)

Multicenter

No

Structured PICO

Does miR-324-3p expression correlate with acute myocardial infarction and regulate myocardial injury?

P

Population

159 participants, comprising 77 patients with acute myocardial infarction admitted within 6 hours of onset and 82 healthy controls, evaluated for the diagnostic value of serum miR-324-3p.

E

Exposure

miR-324-3p mimics, miR-324-3p inhibitors, and si-STAT3 transfection in H9c2 cells.

C

Comparator

Healthy controls (for clinical cohort); negative control transfections and normoxic conditions (for in vitro model).

O

Outcome

Diagnostic efficacy of serum miR-324-3p for AMI (AUC), and in vitro effects on inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β), oxidative stress (MDA, SOD, ROS), apoptosis, and cell viability.surrogate

Main Result

Effect estimate: AUC 0.889

p-value: p=<0.0001

miR-324-3p is upregulated in acute myocardial infarction and exacerbates hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced cardiomyocyte injury by targeting STAT3, suggesting it as a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target.

Limitations

The relatively small clinical sample size may affect the comprehensive evaluation of the diagnostic efficacy of miR-324-3p.
The specific mechanisms of action of the numerous signaling pathways involved in STAT3 in this process have not yet been fully explained.
relatively small clinical sample size may affect the comprehensive evaluation of the diagnostic efficacy of miR-324-3p
specific mechanisms of action of the numerous signaling pathways involved in STAT3 in this process have not yet been fully explained

Implication

May support miR-324-3p as an AMI biomarker; hypothesis-generating for STAT3-targeted therapies pending validation.

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the expression of miR-324-3p in acute myocardial infarction (AMI), as well as its regulatory effects on inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, and cell viability in cardiomyocytes. This study enrolled 77 AMI patients and 82 healthy controls. The serum miR-324-3p levels were detected using qRT-PCR, and their diagnostic efficacy was evaluated through ROC analysis. Then construct the H/R injury model to analyze the damage of inflammatory factors, oxidative stress, and cell viability to H9c2 cardiomyocytes. Through the combination of site prediction, luciferase reporter gene validation, and STAT3 gene rescue experiments, the critical role of STAT3 in the regulation of miR-324-3p was revealed. In AMI patients, miR-324-3p is significantly upregulated and has high diagnostic value. Overexpression of miR-324-3p exacerbates H/R-induced inflammation, while its inhibition alleviates inflammation. Under H/R treatment, the expression of miR-324-3p increased while the expression of STAT3 decreased. Knocking down STAT3 can reverse the protective effect of the miR-324-3p inhibitor, further confirming the critical role of STAT3 in the miR-324-3p regulatory pathway. The abnormal elevation of miR-324-3p has a potential diagnostic value for AMI. miR-324-3p plays a significant role in H/R-injured cardiomyocytes by targeting and inhibiting the expression of STAT3.

Discussion

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Published by Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery · CC BY-NC-ND

Cite This Study

Liu et al. (2026) conducted a case-control in Acute myocardial infarction (n=159). Serum miR-324-3p vs. Healthy controls was evaluated on Diagnostic efficacy for acute myocardial infarction (AUC 0.889, p=<0.0001). Serum miR-324-3p was significantly upregulated in patients with acute myocardial infarction, demonstrating high diagnostic value with an AUC of 0.889.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a6700af40bca442e0d4a96e https://doi.org/10.1186/s13019-026-04497-9

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Mechanism study of miR-324-3p driving myocardial infarction progression through regulation of myocardial inflammation

Key Points

Study Design

Structured PICO

Main Result

Limitations

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Figures from the paper

Cite This Study

Mechanism study of miR-324-3p driving myocardial infarction progression through regulation of myocardial inflammation

Key Points

Study Design

Structured PICO

Main Result

Limitations

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Figures from the paper

Cite This Study

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