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This research explores the ideological mechanisms through which White Americans oppose Native sovereignty, termed inclusive elimination.

Inclusive Elimination: How White Americans Oppose Native Nation Sovereignty Using “Our Land” and “Our Laws” Narratives

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Thematic analysis reveals how White Americans frame Native sovereignty as a threat, suggesting inclusion while eliminating authority.

This research explores the ideological mechanisms through which White Americans oppose Native sovereignty, termed inclusive elimination.
Conducted thematic analysis of open-ended survey responses from 558 White Americans.
Analyzed reactions to 10 real-world scenarios of Native sovereignty.
Identified key themes related to civic authority and national belonging.
Responses indicate that White Americans frame Native sovereignty as a threat to their own safety and resources.
Three main moves of inclusive elimination were identified: settler judgments, claims of national belonging, and framing harm.
The language of inclusion often obscures the elimination of Native political authority.

Beardall et al. (2026) studied this question.

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