Antimony mobility in soils: current understanding and future research directions

molecular constraints on organisms, genes and enzymes involved) have emerged recently. Again, these are based on laboratory incubations and investigations in environments high in Sb. In this regard, an important remaining question is which microorganisms actively impact Sb speciation under real-world conditions, in particular where Sb concentrations are low. Multiple dissolved Sb species have been described in the literature. We note that more analytical development is needed to identify and quantify possible key Sb species in natural systems, as well as anthropogenically impacted environments with only moderate Sb concentrations. With these research needs addressed, we believe that the Sb fate in the environment can be more accurately assessed, and remediation options can be developed.