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ABSTRACT This article presents a comprehensive review of the research advancements in catalysts used within solid propellants, with a particular focus on energetic ionic salt catalysts. Studies indicate that catalysts not only modulate burning rate and efficiencies but also improve the characteristics of combustion products, thereby optimizing rocket engine performance. As catalytic technology evolves, traditional catalysts have progressively transitioned to nano‐composite catalysts, which display superior chemical reactivity and enhanced combustion efficiency. Notably, energetic ionic salts, with their unique chemical structures, can increase the energy density of propellants while reducing sensitivity by facilitating the release of high‐energy ions and promoting reactions, indicating promising applications in propulsion. Moreover, this article explores the mechanisms by which energetic ionic salts influence combustion in solid propellants, including the reduction of combustion activation energy, the promotion of combustion reactions, and the optimization of thermal decomposition processes. Their excellent thermal stability and low volatility contribute to relative safety during storage and transportation. However, challenges remain in terms of stability, insufficient thermal stability, and complex synthesis processes. Future research should concentrate on the functional design and optimization of synthesis techniques to enhance their overall performance. In summary, a thorough investigation into the interaction mechanisms of energetic ionic salts in solid propellants will provide theoretical support for improving combustion efficiency and propellant performance. Future research directions should prioritize the development of new, efficient, and environmentally friendly catalysts to advance solid propellant technology. Through scientific classification and innovative design, this study aims to guide the technical needs of high‐performance propellant systems.
Zhang et al. (Fri,) studied this question.