Key result
Vectors plotted using the equilateral tetrahedron reference system corresponded closely to the actual position of an electrical dipole placed in the esophagus, indicating the error is small.
The equilateral tetrahedron reference system provides a valid spatial reference with small error for electrocardiographic and vectorcardiographic studies.
Small error supports tetrahedron reference system use in ECG/VCG; leaves open modern clinical validation.
The error involved in the use of the equilateral tetrahedron reference system for electrocardiographic or vectorcardiographic studies has been investigated by means of an electrical dipole placed in the esophagus. Vectors plotted from the potential differences between electrodes defining the reference system were found to correspond fairly closely to the actual position of the dipole, indicating that the error is small.
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Abildskov et al. (1950) studied this question. Equilateral tetrahedron reference system vs. Actual position of the dipole was evaluated on Correspondence of plotted vectors to the actual position of the dipole. Vectors plotted using the equilateral tetrahedron reference system corresponded closely to the actual position of an electrical dipole placed in the esophagus, indicating the error is small.
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