Effects of Long-Term Lobeglitazone Treatment on Renal Function and Albuminuria in Korean Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Multicenter Retrospective Observational Study (LUCKY)

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to evaluate the long-term effects of lobeglitazone on renal function, glycemic control, metabolic parameters, and safety in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treated for over 1 year. METHODS: This retrospective, non-interventional, multicenter observational study was conducted at 30 institutions in South Korea. Patients with T2DM who had received lobeglitazone for at least 1 year and had available estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) data were included. Primary outcomes were changes in eGFR and urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR). Secondary outcomes included changes in HbA1c, body weight, lipid profiles, insulin resistance, β-cell function, and adverse events (AEs). RESULTS: ) remained stable over 6 years across all chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages. UACR was unchanged in 77-83% of patients throughout follow-up. HbA1c significantly decreased from baseline (- 0.99% at year 1 to - 0.93% at year 6; all p < 0.0001), indicating sustained glycemic control. Lipid profiles and HOMA-IR improved, while HOMA- β remained stable. Overall, 1165 AEs occurred in 531 patients (20.05%), mostly consistent with the established safety profile; events of special interest were rare (< 1%). CONCLUSIONS: Long-term lobeglitazone treatment was not associated with deterioration of renal function or worsening of albuminuria status across all CKD stages, while demonstrating sustained glycemic efficacy and a favorable safety profile in real-world clinical practice. These findings support lobeglitazone as a clinically relevant long-term treatment option for patients with T2DM, including those with pre-existing CKD.