A platform-based human-machine collaborative system for intelligent earthwork compaction in airport construction

Earthwork compaction is a critical process in airport construction, where high requirements for structural stability and deformation control must be satisfied. Conventional manual construction often suffers from inconsistent quality and low efficiency, while existing intelligent methods mainly focus on single-machine feedback and lack unified decision-making and platform-level scheduling for multi-machine coordination. To address these limitations, this study proposes a Human-Machine Collaborative Intelligent Earthwork Planning System (HMCEPS) based on a unified digital construction platform. The system integrates multi-source perception, human–machine collaborative decision-making, autonomous path planning, and real-time scheduling to enable coordinated multi-equipment compaction operations. Field experiments show that the proposed system achieves an average compaction degree of 97.3%, with significant improvements in compaction pass compliance rate (97.08% vs. 77.26%) and normalized construction efficiency (+35.4%) compared with conventional methods. The results demonstrate that HMCEPS can effectively improve multi-machine coordination and construction process control for intelligent airport earthwork construction.