Key result
DOACs and LMWHs demonstrate preclinical anticancer effects, but clinical efficacy data remain lacking.
Why the study?
Optimizing anticoagulation therapy is critical in patients with malignancy, where cancer-associated VTE is a leading cause of death and pleiotropic effects of anticoagulants have emerged.
What are the anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects of direct oral anticoagulants and low-molecular-weight heparins in patients with malignancy?
What are the anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects of direct oral anticoagulants and low-molecular-weight heparins in patients with malignancy?
DOACs and LMWHs may offer pleiotropic anti-inflammatory and anticancer benefits beyond their primary role in managing cancer-associated VTE.
Preclinical pleiotropic effects of DOACs and LMWHs in malignancy remain hypothesis-generating; clinical anticancer efficacy unproven and should not yet change practice.
Optimizing the anticoagulation therapy is of pivotal importance in patients with a malignant tumor, as venous thromboembolism (VTE) has become the second-leading cause of death in this population. Cancer can highly increase the risk of thrombosis and bleeding. Consequently, the management of cancer-associated VTE is complex. In recent years, translational research has intensified, and several studies have highlighted the role of inflammatory cytokines in cancer growth and progression. Simultaneously, the pleiotropic effects of anticoagulants currently recommended for VTE have emerged. In this review, we describe the anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects of both direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) and low-molecular-weight heparins (LWMHs).
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Russo et al. (2023) conducted a review in Malignancy and Venous Thromboembolism. Anticoagulant therapy (DOACs and LMWHs) was evaluated. Direct oral anticoagulants and low-molecular-weight heparins demonstrate potential pleiotropic anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects in preclinical models, though clinical data on direct anticancer efficacy remains lacking.
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