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Solvent effects on the binary mixtures of amides with alcohols and water were investigated by means of Reichardt's ET(30) solvatochromic indicator. E parameters of binary solvent mixtures of formamide, N-methylformamide and N,N-dimethylformamide with water, methanol, propan-2-ol, 2-methylpropan-2-ol, formamide, N-methylformamide and N,N-dimethylformamide were measured over the whole composition range of the mixtures. Application of a preferential solvation model to the solvatochromic data shows that the preferential solvation of the solvatochromic indicator by the amides decreases in the order N-methylformamide > formamide > N,N-dimethylformamide. Synergism is observed for the mixtures of the amides with alcohols of similar polarity (E value), i.e. methanol–formamide, methanol–N-methylformamide, propan-2-ol–N,N-dimethylformamide and 2-methylpropan-2-ol–N,N-dimethylformamide binary systems.
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Herodes et al. (1999) studied this question.
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