Comparison of 3 Optical Navigation Systems for Computer-Aided Maxillofacial Surgery

OBJECTIVE: To compare the accuracy of 3 computer-aided surgery systems for maxillofacial reconstruction. DESIGN: Evaluation of 3 computer-aided surgery systems: StealthStation, VectorVision, and Voxim. SETTING: The University of California, Davis, Department of Otolaryngology computer-aided surgery laboratory. PARTICIPANTS: Four fresh cadaveric heads. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Mean target registration error. RESULTS: The StealthStation was the most accurate (mean [SD] target registration error, 1.00 [0.04] mm), followed by VectorVision (1.13 [0.05] mm) and then Voxim (1.34 [0.04] mm). All values met statistical significance (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Measurable accuracy differences were found among the navigation systems evaluated. The StealthStation was the most accurate. However, the differences are small, and the clinical significance for maxillofacial reconstruction is negligible.