Effect of different degrees of glucose intolerance on maternal and perinatal outcomes

Aydan Biria, Umit Korucuoglua*, Pinar Özcana, Nur Aksakalb, Ozden Turanc & Ozdemir Himmetogluaa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkeyb Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkeyc Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey† Correspondence: Umit Korucuoglu, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gazi University, Besevler, 06500, Ankara, Turkey, +90-312-202-5919/202-5921, +90-312-202-5950 korucu23@yahoo.comObjective. To evaluate the effect of markedly elevated 50-g glucose loading test (GLT) (≥200 mg/dL) and equivocal 100-g GLT (one abnormal value) results on maternal and perinatal outcomes.Methods. Retrospective analysis of 2029 singleton pregnancies screened for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Maternal and perinatal outcomes in five different groups with different degrees of glucose intolerance were compared. First group consisted of patients with normal 50-g test, second group was formed by patients with abnormal 50-g glucose test but a normal 100-g test. Third group included patients with one abnormal value after 100-g test. Patients in the fourth group were diagnosed to have GDM after an abnormal 100-g test. Patients in the fifth group had a value ≥200 mg/dL after 50-g test and were diagnosed to have GDM.Results. Macrosomia and large for gestational age incidence were highest in the group with one elevated glucose tolerance test (GTT) value. Hospitalisation rates, hypoglycemia, hyperbilirubinemia and polycythemia were more common in neonates born to mothers with one elevated GTT value and to mothers with a GLT > 200 mg/dL.Conclusion. Adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes in patients with one elevated GTT value and in patients with a GLT value > 200 mg/dL warrant close glucose monitoring and treatment in these groups even in the absence of a diagnostic abnormal GTT.