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This paper aims to provide a brief review on the effect of utilization of nano-SiO2, nano-Al2O3, graphene oxide, carbon nanotubes, nano-TiO2, nano-Fe2O3, nano-clay/metakaolin, and nano-CaCO3 on the water absorption and chloride penetration of cement concrete. Nano material is defined as a material with particle diameter between 1 and 100 nm. Utilization of nano materials in concrete has progressively been recognized as a high potential and fast track repair and high-performance material. The incorporation of nano materials as a partial replacement to binder or as additive improves the quality of hydration products as well as reduce the formation of micro pores. The findings from this review confirm the feasibility of using the nano-materials in cement concrete, with the required properties of building materials.
Abdalla et al. (Sat,) studied this question.