Key result
Three-dimensional echocardiography and 2D strain analysis in 77 healthy Brazilians established reference values for cardiac function and demonstrated that LV torsion and RV-GLS increase with age.
Why the study?
Reference values across different populations were still needed for several new echocardiographic indexes.
What are the normal reference values for 3-dimensional echocardiography and 2-dimensional strain analysis in healthy Brazilians, and how do they correlate with age?
Cross-Sectional (n=77)
What are the normal reference values for 3-dimensional echocardiography and 2-dimensional strain analysis in healthy Brazilians, and how do they correlate with age?
This study provides population-specific reference values for advanced 3D and strain echocardiographic parameters in healthy Brazilians, highlighting significant age-related variations.
Supplies Brazilian-specific 3D and strain reference values; leaves open generalizability and clinical impact of age-related torsion and RV-GLS changes.
BACKGROUND: New echocardiographic techniques are used in the diagnosis and prognosis of many heart diseases. However, reference values in different populations are still needed for several of these new indexes. We studied these new echocardiographic parameters in a group of Brazilians with no known cardiovascular disease. OBJECTIVE: To study values for new echocardiographic indexes in Brazilians without known cardiovascular disease and their correlation with age. METHODS: Cross-sectional study that included healthy individuals who underwent three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) and two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) strain (e) analysis. Left atrial (LA) and left ventricular (LV) function were analyzed by 3DE and STE, and right ventricular (RV) function by STE. P values < 0.05 were considered significant. RESULTS: Seventy-seven subjects (46.7% men; 40.4 ± 10.4 years) were included. Maximum, minimum and pre-atrial contraction (pre-A) LA volumes (ml/m2) were 21.2 ± 5.5, 7.8 ± 2.5, and 11.0 ± 3.1, respectively. Peak positive global LA e (LAScd), peak negative global LA e and total global LA e (LASr) were 17.4 ± 5.2%, -13.2 ± 2.0% and 30.5 ± 5.9%, respectively. LV end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes (ml/m2) measured 57 ± 12 and 24 ± 6, and 3D LV ejection fraction measured 58 ± 6%. Global LV longitudinal, circumferential and radial e were -19 ± 2%, -19 ± 3%, and 46 ± 12%, respectively. LV torsion measured 1.6 ± 0.70 /cm. Global longitudinal RV e (RV-GLS) and RV free wall strain were -22 ± 3% and -24 ± 5%. Minimum LA and pre-A volumes, LV apical rotation, torsion and RV-GLS increased with age, while total and passive LA emptying fractions, LAScd, LASr, LV end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes decreased with age. CONCLUSION: Values for new echocardiographic indexes in Brazilians without known cardiovascular disease and their correlation with age are presented.
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Saraiva et al. (2019) conducted a cross-sectional in Healthy (n=77). Three-dimensional echocardiography and two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography was evaluated on Echocardiographic indexes and their correlation with age. Three-dimensional echocardiography and 2D strain analysis in 77 healthy Brazilians established reference values for cardiac function and demonstrated that LV torsion and RV-GLS increase with age.
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