What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Population: Healthy (n=17). Intervention: Three breathing exercises (diaphragmatic breathing, Triflo II, Voldyne) vs. Baseline (rest) and each other. Primary outcome: Tidal volume, respiratory frequency, rib cage contribution, inspiratory duty cycle, phase angle, and sternocleidomastoid muscle activity (p=<0.05).

What question did this study set out to answer?

To evaluate breathing patterns, thoracoabdominal motion, and muscular activity during diaphragmatic breathing, flow-oriented incentive spirometry, and volume-oriented incentive spirometry.

August 14, 2007Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological ResearchOpen Access

Breathing pattern, thoracoabdominal motion and muscular activity during three breathing exercises

Q: What are the key findings of this study?

Flow-oriented incentive spirometry (Triflo II) increased respiratory frequency and sternocleidomastoid activity compared to diaphragmatic breathing and volume-oriented spirometry (P<0.05).

Q: What question did this study set out to answer?

To evaluate breathing patterns, thoracoabdominal motion, and muscular activity during diaphragmatic breathing, flow-oriented incentive spirometry, and volume-oriented incentive spirometry.

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Key result

Flow-oriented incentive spirometry (Triflo II) increased respiratory frequency and sternocleidomastoid activity compared to diaphragmatic breathing and volume-oriented spirometry (P<0.05).

Why the study?

How do diaphragmatic breathing, flow-oriented incentive spirometry, and volume-oriented incentive spirometry affect breathing pattern and muscular activity in healthy subjects?

Key Points

To evaluate breathing patterns, thoracoabdominal motion, and muscular activity during diaphragmatic breathing, flow-oriented incentive spirometry, and volume-oriented incentive spirometry.
Evaluated 17 healthy subjects (12 females, 5 males; mean age 23 ± 5 years) at rest and during diaphragmatic breathing (DB), flow-oriented (Triflo II), and volume-oriented (Voldyne) incentive spirometry.
Measured tidal volume (Vt), respiratory frequency (f), rib cage contribution (RC/Vt), inspiratory duty cycle (Ti/Ttot), and phase angle (PhAng) using calibrated respiratory inductive plethysmography.
Assessed sternocleidomastoid muscle activity using surface electromyography and analyzed differences using ANOVA with Tukey tests or Friedman with Wilcoxon tests (P < 0.05).
All exercises significantly increased Vt and PhAng compared to baseline, while f significantly decreased during DB and Voldyne, and Ti/Ttot significantly increased during Voldyne.
Triflo II produced significantly higher respiratory frequency (f) and elevated sternocleidomastoid electromyographic activity compared to both DB and Voldyne (P < 0.05).
No significant differences occurred among the three exercises regarding Vt, Ti/Ttot, PhAng, or RC/Vt, indicating that DB and Voldyne yield similar physiological responses.

Structured PICO

How do diaphragmatic breathing, flow-oriented incentive spirometry, and volume-oriented incentive spirometry affect breathing pattern and muscular activity in healthy subjects?

Population

17 healthy subjects (mean age 23 years, 71% female) evaluated during rest and three different breathing exercises.

Intervention

Diaphragmatic breathing (DB), flow-oriented (Triflo II) incentive spirometry, and volume-oriented (Voldyne) incentive spirometry

Comparator

Rest (baseline) and comparison among the three breathing exercises

Outcome

Breathing pattern, thoracoabdominal motion, and muscular activity (tidal volume, respiratory frequency, rib cage contribution to Vt, inspiratory duty cycle, phase angle, and sternocleidomastoid muscle activity)surrogate

Main Result

p-value: p=<0.05

Diaphragmatic breathing and volume-oriented incentive spirometry produce similar physiological effects, whereas flow-oriented spirometry increases respiratory frequency and accessory muscle use.

Discussion

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Implication

May favor DB or volume-oriented spirometry over flow-oriented devices in healthy adults; leaves open comparative effectiveness in clinical populations.

Cite This Study

Tomich et al. (2007) studied Healthy (n=17). Three breathing exercises (diaphragmatic breathing, Triflo II, Voldyne) vs. Baseline (rest) and each other was evaluated on Tidal volume, respiratory frequency, rib cage contribution, inspiratory duty cycle, phase angle, and sternocleidomastoid muscle activity (p=<0.05). Flow-oriented incentive spirometry (Triflo II) increased respiratory frequency and sternocleidomastoid activity compared to diaphragmatic breathing and volume-oriented spirometry (P<0.05).

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a6cd98ee5469ee92bdfa448 https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-879x2006005000165

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Implication

May favor DB or volume-oriented spirometry over flow-oriented devices in healthy adults; leaves open comparative effectiveness in clinical populations.

Breathing pattern, thoracoabdominal motion and muscular activity during three breathing exercises

Key Points

Structured PICO

Main Result

Discussion

Implication

Cite This Study

Breathing pattern, thoracoabdominal motion and muscular activity during three breathing exercises

Key Points

Structured PICO

Main Result

Discussion

Implication

Cite This Study

Also Consider

Also Consider