Peonidin 3-glucoside and cyanidin 3-glucoside strongly inhibited cancer cell growth via G2/M arrest, induced apoptosis in vitro, and suppressed Lewis lung carcinoma growth in vivo.
Cyanidin 3-glucoside and peonidin 3-glucoside demonstrate anticancer properties by inhibiting tumor cell growth and inducing apoptosis in vitro and in vivo.
Dietary polyphenols, including anthocyanins, are suggested to be involved in the protective effects of fruits and vegetables against cancer. However, anticancer effects of peonidin 3-glucoside have not been clearly demonstrated, with only limited studies being available concerning the inhibitory effect of cyanidin 3-glucoside for tumor cell growth. Therefore, in this study, we have isolated and identified the two bioactive compounds, peonidin 3-glucoside and cyanidin 3-glucoside, from Oryza sativa L. indica, to treat various cancer cells. The results showed that, among analyzed cell lines, HS578T was the most sensitive to peonidin 3-glucoside and cyanidin 3-glucoside. Treatment with peonidin 3-glucoside or cyanidin 3-glucoside resulted in a strong inhibitory effect on cell growth via G2/M arrest. Regarding cell cyclerelated proteins, peonidin 3-glucoside treatment resulted in down-regulation of protein levels of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)-1, CDK-2, cyclin B1, and cyclin E, whereas cyanidin 3-glucoside could decrease the protein levels of CDK-1, CDK-2, cyclin B1, and cyclin D1. In addition, cyanidin 3-glucoside or peonidin 3-glucoside also induced caspase-3 activation, chromatin condensation, and cell death. Furthermore, anthocyanins from O. sativa L. indica were evidenced by their inhibition on the growth of Lewis lung carcinoma cells in vivo.
Chen et al. (Tue,) conducted a other in Cancer. Peonidin 3-glucoside and cyanidin 3-glucoside was evaluated on Tumor cell growth and apoptosis. Peonidin 3-glucoside and cyanidin 3-glucoside strongly inhibited cancer cell growth via G2/M arrest, induced apoptosis in vitro, and suppressed Lewis lung carcinoma growth in vivo.