Improvement in Semen Parameters in Men With Non-Obstructive Azoospermia Following Individualized Ayurvedic Fertility Management: A Retrospective Case Series

Background: Male factor infertility contributes to approximately 40–50% of infertility cases worldwide, with non-obstructive azoospermia representing one of the most challenging causes. Although assisted reproductive techniques remain the standard treatment, many couples seek conservative approaches aimed at improving endogenous spermatogenesis. Methods: This retrospective case series included 15 men with clinically diagnosed non-obstructive azoospermia who underwent individualized Ayurvedic fertility management for six months. Changes in semen parameters were assessed using serial semen analyses performed at baseline, three months, and six months. Results: Fifteen patients with non-obstructive azoospermia completed six months of treatment. Detectable sperm were observed in all patients during follow-up, with final sperm concentrations ranging from 2 to 48 million/mL. Seven patients achieved sperm concentrations within the normal reference range, and four couples achieved natural conception during the follow-up period. No serious adverse events were reported. Conclusion: Individualized Ayurvedic fertility management was associated with progressive improvement in semen parameters among men with non-obstructive azoospermia in this retrospective case series. These preliminary findings warrant further evaluation through well-designed prospective controlled studies.