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August 1, 2026DiagnosticsOpen Access

Implementation of Digital Chest X-Ray with Computer-Aided Detection for Tuberculosis Screening Among Persons with Advanced HIV Disease in Maputo, Mozambique: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis

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Authors

MCMaria Ruano CampsBJBendita JosePZPereira Zindoga

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Overview

Retrospective cohort analysis evaluates dCXR/CAD performance for TB screening in advanced HIV patients, suggesting further optimization needed.

Key Points

  • This study aims to evaluate the implementation and performance of digital chest X-ray with computer-aided detection for tuberculosis screening among patients with advanced HIV disease.
  • Retrospective cohort analysis of 487 new advanced HIV disease patients at Centro de Referência do Alto Maé.
  • 238 patients underwent digital chest X-ray with computer-aided detection interpretation for systematic TB screening.
  • Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were calculated against the recorded TB diagnosis.
  • 49% of patients screened with CAD were diagnosed with TB (116/238).
  • At the CAD threshold of ≥0.5, sensitivity was 50% (58/116; 95% CI: 41–59), specificity was 92% (112/122; 95% CI: 85–96).
  • Bacterial confirmation of TB was low across groups (19–26%), indicating reliance on clinical diagnosis.

Cite This Study

Camps et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a6d98b4e258b358b3c6c7cfhttps://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics16152393
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