Key result
Cardiac PCD-CT detects LAA thrombus with ~96% accuracy compared to TEE.
Why the study?
Up to one-third of ischemic stroke patients have no identified cause, and the LAA is often inadequately assessed despite being the primary source of cardiac embolism.
Does cardiac photon-counting detector computed tomography accurately detect left atrial appendage thrombus compared to transesophageal echocardiography in patients with acute ischemic stroke or TIA?
Observational (n=101)
Does cardiac photon-counting detector computed tomography accurately detect left atrial appendage thrombus compared to transesophageal echocardiography in patients with acute ischemic stroke or TIA?
Cardiac photon-counting detector CT integrated into acute stroke imaging protocols demonstrates high diagnostic accuracy and a 99% negative predictive value for excluding left atrial appendage thrombus.
Requires prospective validation before routine use; leaves open PCD-CT role in acute stroke LAA assessment.
Background: In up to one-third of ischemic stroke patients, no cause can be identified. Left atrial appendage (LAA) is the primary anatomical origin of cardiac embolism, yet it is often inadequately assessed in stroke etiological workup. Objectives: The goal of this study was to analyze the diagnostic accuracy of cardiac photon-counting detector computed tomography (PCD-CT) integrated in the acute stroke imaging protocol for detection of LAA thrombus. Design: Retrospective diagnostic accuracy study. Methods: We selected consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack undergoing emergent cardiac PCD-CT and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) between 2023 and 2025. Cardiac PCD-CT and TEE were assessed for the detection of LAA thrombus. Patients with and without LAA thrombus (defined by PCD-CT) were compared. Diagnostic performance metrics for cardiac PCD-CT for LAA thrombus detection were calculated using TEE as the gold standard. Results: We included 101 patients, 42 were female (42%), median age was 59 years, 87 patients had acute ischemic stroke (86%). Median time between cardiac PCD-CT and TEE was 2 days. LAA thrombus defined by PCD-CT was present in 12 patients (12%). Patients with LAA thrombus were older (74 vs 58 years, p < 0.001) and more frequently had atrial fibrillation (83.3% vs 23.6%, p < 0.001). Diagnostic accuracy of PCD-CT was 96% (95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 90%–99%), sensitivity was 90% (95%CI = 56–100), specificity was 97% (95%CI = 91%–99%), positive predictive value was 75% (95%CI = 49%–90%), and negative predictive value was 99% (95%CI = 93%–100%). Conclusion: Cardiac PCD-CT integrated as part of the acute stroke imaging protocol is a promising diagnostic tool that may reliably exclude the presence of LAA thrombus.
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Kirschfink et al. (2026) conducted an observational in Acute ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (n=101). Cardiac photon-counting detector computed tomography (PCD-CT) vs. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) was evaluated on Diagnostic accuracy for detection of left atrial appendage thrombus (95% CI 90-99). Cardiac photon-counting detector computed tomography detected left atrial appendage thrombus with 96% diagnostic accuracy (95% CI 90-99%), 90% sensitivity, and 97% specificity compared to TEE.
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