Key result
This review highlights the complex relationship between norovirus diversity and correlates of protection to guide the development of cross-protective vaccines.
Why the study?
Norovirus vaccine development is hindered by extreme viral diversity, incomplete understanding of immunity, and lack of robust cell culture or animal models, despite being the most common viral cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide.
This review highlights recent advances in understanding norovirus immunity and diversity to guide the development of cross-protective vaccines.
Microbiota regionally modulates norovirus severity in mice; leaves open whether targeted microbiome interventions could alter human infection risk.
Human noroviruses are the most common viral cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide. Currently, there are no approved vaccines or specific therapeutics to treat the disease. Some obstacles delaying the development of a norovirus vaccine are: (i) the extreme diversity presented by noroviruses; (ii) our incomplete understanding of immunity to noroviruses; and (iii) the lack of a robust cell culture system or animal model for human noroviruses. Recent advances in in vitro cultivation of norovirus, novel approaches applied to viral genomics and immunity, and completion of vaccine trials and birth cohort studies have provided new information toward a better understanding of norovirus immunity. Here, we will discuss the complex relationship between norovirus diversity and correlates of protection for human noroviruses, and how this information could be used to guide the development of cross-protective vaccines.
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Ford-Siltz et al. (2021) conducted a review in Human norovirus infection. This review highlights the complex relationship between norovirus diversity and correlates of protection to guide the development of cross-protective vaccines.
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