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Growing interest in green building principles is driving sector advancements. However, understanding the economic viability of these practices remains challenging. This difficulty arises from the limited application of life cycle cost analysis and the complexity of specialized technologies. This systematic review identifies key drivers that influence the life cycle costs of green buildings based on formal green building certification criteria. Research papers were systematically collected and filtered following PRISMA guidelines. The review established a conceptual cost framework comprising eight key criteria: Integrative Process Management, Transportation, Sustainable Site, Indoor Environmental Quality, Energy Efficiency, Water Efficiency, Materials and Resources, and Emissions. These criteria are distributed across three building life cycle phases: Initial (non-construction and construction costs), Operational (operating, maintenance, and replacement costs), and End-of-Life (demolition costs and residual value). The framework highlights potential interrelationships among green building cost drivers, enabling a precise assessment of the financial impacts of optimal green building practices. This comprehensive understanding provides reliable data that balances financial viability with environmental performance, thereby supporting informed decision-making and attracting further investment into green building projects.
Jbara et al. (Mon,) studied this question.