Relationship between hemoglobin glycation index and all-cause mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction: based on MIMIC-IV database

BACKGROUND: The Hemoglobin Glycation Index (HGI) assesses the discrepancy between actual and estimated Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels. Research exploring the connection between HGI and negative outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is notably lacking. The current study seeks to examine how HGI is related to the likelihood of death in people suffering from AMI. METHODS: Data on individuals suffering from AMI originated in the MIMIC-IV database. A proportional hazards regression model using the Cox method was applied to investigate the association between HGI and mortality. Furthermore, an investigation into the dose-response relationship between HGI and mortality was carried out using restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis. To confirm the reliability of our results, subgroup analyses were conducted across different variables. RESULTS: The research involved a group of 3,972 patients who were critically ill and had been diagnosed with AMI. A fully adjusted Cox regression analysis revealed a significant association between lower HGI levels and increased mortality rates at both 30-day and 365-day follow-ups. Furthermore, higher HGI levels were also linked to an increased risk of mortality within the first 30 days. An RCS analysis detected a U-shaped relationship connecting HGI to mortality rates at the 30-day and 365-day time intervals. Subgroup analyses and interaction tests further substantiated these findings, demonstrating that the association held true across various patient subgroups. CONCLUSION: Among critically ill AMI patients, a marked link emerged between HGI levels and all-cause mortality.