Guarantee Schemes of Karnataka: A Study on Welfare Governance and Socio-Economic Impact

The Government of Karnataka introduced five major guarantee schemes in 2023 with the objective of improving social welfare, reducing poverty, and empowering vulnerable sections of society. The schemes include Gruha Lakshmi, Gruha Jyoti, Anna Bhagya, Shakti, and Yuva Nidhi. These initiatives mainly focus on women empowerment, food security, unemployment assistance, and affordable public services. The study examines the socio-economic impact, financial implications, implementation challenges, and sustainability of these guarantee schemes. Statistical analysis reveals that the schemes have benefited crores of citizens and significantly improved household consumption, women’s mobility, and financial inclusion. However, rising fiscal deficits, leakages, and administrative inefficiencies have raised concerns regarding long-term sustainability. The paper concludes that while guarantee schemes have strengthened welfare governance, reforms in beneficiary targeting and fiscal management are necessary for sustainable development.