Rehabilitation Intervention for Improving Balance and Postural Control in Individuals With Visual Impairment: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis

Rehabilitation is essential for improving balance and postural control in individuals with visual impairment, thereby reducing the risk of falls. This systematic review with meta-analysis examined the types and effectiveness of rehabilitation interventions to enhance balance in this population. A comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library identified randomized controlled trials published between 2013 and 2024 that assessed outcomes related to balance and postural stability. Fifteen studies with 483 participants met the inclusion criteria. Interventions included physical activity-based programs such as yoga and tango, as well as specific training approaches including balance, vestibular, and sensorimotor training. Meta-analysis demonstrated significant improvements in the Timed Up and Go test and the BOT-2, while pooled results for the Berg Balance Scale showed no significant improvement and substantial heterogeneity. Furthermore, given the limited number of comparable studies, these quantitative findings should be interpreted as exploratory.