Sample design-based moisture measurement for health and comfort: Production of a flexible moisture sensor and its integration in the clothing design process

In this applied study, the aim is to design smart clothing based on body moisture measurement by producing a flexible film-type sensor prototype and integrating it in clothing design, thereby enhancing personal health and comfort. Of the various structures developed for moisture-sensing applications, capacitive sensors were found to provide more robust and reliable data, compared with other methods, owing to their operational characteristics. Following specific characterization for clothing integration, the developed sensor demonstrated exceptional dynamic performance. Notably, its natural blind zone effectively filters ambient noise below 40% relative humidity, preventing false triggers within the garment. Furthermore, the sensor exhibits a rapid recovery time ( T rec ) of 68 s after intense saturation (sweating), confirming its rapid dynamic recovery. Additionally, a 27.7% hysteresis deviation was recorded; this is in physiological harmony with the natural moisture retention of flexible e-textile structures. Beyond technical functionality, creative approaches can lend visual distinctiveness to the garment design, allowing the integrated functional components to be perceived as aesthetic features. Consequently, the designed T-shirt was identified as a garment of high symbolic value, as it is not only functional—offering moisture measurement and comfort—but also reflects current trends.