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August 2, 2026Growth and ChangeOpen Access

Is There an Urban Inclusivity Premium? Gender Wage Gaps Across Brazil's Urban Hierarchy

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Authors

ALAngélica Paola González LozadaUniversidade Estadual de Santa CruzTMTiciana Grecco Zanon MouraUniversidade Estadual de Santa CruzMPMônica de Moura PiresUniversidade Estadual de Santa Cruz

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Implication

Examines gender wage inequality across urban levels, suggesting spatial policies are necessary.

Key Points

  • The research aims to analyze variations in gender wage inequality across Brazil's urban hierarchy and identify factors contributing to a potential Urban Inclusivity Premium.
  • Used matched employer-employee microdata from Brazil.
  • Estimated Mincerian wage equations and performed Oaxaca-Blinder decompositions.
  • Controlled for various worker, job, and regional characteristics.
  • Documented a conditional female wage penalty of approximately 20%.
  • Observed gender wage gap driven primarily by the unexplained component.
  • In higher-order urban markets, women's observable endowments offset a larger share of the wage gap.

Cite This Study

Lozada et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a6efa8d1b0468a7eeab4808https://doi.org/10.1111/grow.70148
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Also Consider

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  4. 4The sources of the urban wage premium by worker skills: Spatial sorting or agglomeration economies?2014 · 115 citations
  5. 5Male-Female Wage Differentials in Urban Labor Markets1973 · 8,577 citations