Key result
A 3-year community-based healthy lifestyle intervention did not significantly reduce overall hypertension prevalence (37.3% to 33.7%, p=0.1), but significantly reduced it in adults under 40.
Why the study?
Does a community-based healthy lifestyle intervention reduce hypertension prevalence in adults?
Does a community-based healthy lifestyle intervention reduce hypertension prevalence in adults?
Absolute Event Rate: 33.7% vs 33.4%
p-value: p=0.1
Does not support scaling community interventions for hypertension control; leaves open possible benefit in younger adults for targeted trials.
BACKGROUND: High blood pressure is preventable and is directly related to lifestyle habits such as an unbalanced diet, low levels of physical activity, and tobacco use. OBJECTIVES: This quasiexperimental study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a 3-year community intervention targeting healthy lifestyle promotion in reducing hypertension prevalence among adults. METHODS: A quasiexperimental design was used to evaluate the effectiveness of a 3-year intervention for healthy lifestyle that was implemented between 2010 and 2013 in a community of adults in the region of Sousse in Tunisia. The population study was randomly selected in both intervention and control groups at pre-assessment and post-assessment. After considering a type 1 error α of 5%, a type 2 error β of 20%, and a change in the prevalence of various risk factors of 6% between pre-intervention and post-intervention, the sample size was fixed to 2,000 adults in intervention and control areas. RESULTS: The intervention group was composed of 940 and 1,001 adults, and the control group was composed of 940 and 976, respectively, at pre-assessment and post-assessment. The prevalence of hypertension decreased in the intervention group globally from 37.3% to 33.7% but not significantly (p = 0.1). In the control group, this proportion increased from 31.1% to 33.4% without significant difference (p = 0.28). In the intervention group, after stratification for age, a significant decrease (p = 0.007) in the prevalence of hypertension was observed for participants younger than 40 years old: it decreased from 22.8% to 16.2%. In the control group, it increased from 14% to 15.4% (p = 0.52). In intervention group, a significant decrease of the hypertension from 31.4% to 26% (p = 0.03) was observed among nonobese participants after stratification for weight status. No significant change was observed in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed the feasibility and effectiveness of a community-based intervention to reduce the prevalence of hypertension in the context of a developing country.
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Sahli et al. (2016) studied Hypertension (n=1,880). Community-based healthy lifestyle promotion program vs. Control group (no intervention) was evaluated on Prevalence of hypertension (p=0.1). A 3-year community-based healthy lifestyle intervention did not significantly reduce overall hypertension prevalence (37.3% to 33.7%, p=0.1), but significantly reduced it in adults under 40.
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