The mechanism by which alcohol washing of ceramic powders produces “soft” agglomerates has been investigated by studying the interaction of ethanol with hydrous ZrO 2 powders using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Unambiguous evidence of ethoxide formation has been found, which apparently prevents bond formation between adjacent particles and thus the formation of “hard” agglomerates.
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Kaliszewski et al. (1990) studied this question.
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