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Three's a crowd? Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons can be synthesized efficiently and in high yield using the first palladium-catalyzed, sequential, three-component coupling of alkynes and arynes with aryl halides (see scheme). This process appears to involve the catalytic, stepwise carbopalladation of an alkyne and an aryne to generate the three-component products.
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Liu et al. (2007) studied this question.
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