Key result
A single second-generation cryoballoon ablation kept 58.1% of patients free of atrial arrhythmias at 27 months, with higher success in paroxysmal than persistent AF (64.2% vs 36.8%, P=0.006).
Why the study?
Medium- and long-term outcomes following a single second-generation cryoballoon ablation in patients with paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation needed to be reported.
Cohort (n=172)
No
A single second-generation cryoballoon ablation provides medium- to long-term freedom from atrial arrhythmias in 58.1% of patients, with significantly higher success rates in paroxysmal compared to persistent atrial fibrillation.
May support cryoballoon use in paroxysmal AF; extends observational data but leaves open need for randomized trials.
To report medium- and long-term results following a single second-generation cryoballoon (CB2)-based ablation procedure in patients with paroxysmal (PAF) and persistent (PeAF) atrial fibrillation. A retrospective study was performed of consecutive patients undergoing a first CB2-based ablation procedure in a tertiary center. Cryoenergy was applied for 3 min if a time to effect <60 s was documented or 4 min otherwise, with a bonus application in cases of late isolation or suboptimal temperature. Follow-up was obtained from the regional health electronic records system and by telephone or personal interviews. Recurrence was defined as any atrial arrhythmia >30 s beyond a three-month blanking period. The clinical impact of recurrences was classified using a severity score. A total of 172 patients (134 PAF and 38 PeAF) were included, of whom 25 (14.5%) had structural heart disease and 120 (69.7%) had a normal or mildly dilated left atrium. Acute success was achieved in 167 (97.1%). After a median follow-up of 27 (14-41) months, 100 patients (58.1%) remained free of atrial arrhythmias (64.2% for PAF and 36.8% for PeAF, p=0.006). Left atrial size (p=0.05) and clinical presentation as PeAF (p=0.006) were predictors of recurrence. Of patients with recurrences, 11.1% did not require further therapies and an additional 16.7% had good control with antiarrhythmic drugs. A single CB2 procedure resulted in 58.1% of patients remaining free of atrial arrhythmias at 27-month follow-up. Conservative management was useful in 27.8% of patients with recurrences. Relatar os resultados a médio e longo prazo após um único procedimento de crioablação com um sistema de segunda geração (CB2) em doentes com fibrilhação auricular paroxística (PAF) e persistente (pAF). Estudaram-se retrospetivamente doentes consecutivos referidos para uma primeira ablação com CB2 num centro terciário. A ablação foi efetuada com crioenergia aplicada durante 3 minutos se o tempo do efeito foi < 60 s, ou então foi aplicada durante 4 mim, com uma aplicação extra em caso de isolamento tardio ou temperatura subótima. Realizou-se o acompanhamento por meio do registo do sistema de saúde eletrónico regional e pelo telefone ou com entrevistas pessoais. A recorrência foi definida como qualquer arritmia auricular > 30 segundos depois dum período de três meses. O impacto clínico das recorrências foi classificado utilizando uma pontuação de gravidade. Foram estudados 172 doentes (134 PAF e 38 pAF). Vinte cinco (14,5%) tinham doença cardíaca estrutural e 120 (69,7%) tinham uma aurícula esquerda (LA) normal ou levemente dilatada (LA). Foi obtido sucesso agudo em 167 (97,1%). Após um seguimento médio de 27 [14-41] meses, 100 doentes (58,1%) permaneceram livres de arritmias auriculares (64,2% para PAF e 36,8% para pAF, p = 0,006). O tamanho da LA (p = 0,05) e a apresentação clínica de pAF (p = 0,006) foram preditores das recorrências. Dos doentes com recorrências 11,1% não precisaram de terapias adicionais e 16,7% foram bem controlados com medicamentos antiarrítmicos. Dos doentes, 58% ficaram livres de arritmias após um único procedimento CB2, até 27 meses de acompanhamento. Uma estratégia conservadora foi útil nos 27,8% dos doentes com recorrências.
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Ruíz et al. (2019) conducted a cohort in paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation (n=172). Single second-generation cryoballoon (CB2)-based ablation was evaluated on Freedom from atrial arrhythmias >30 s beyond a three-month blanking period (p=0.006). A single second-generation cryoballoon ablation kept 58.1% of patients free of atrial arrhythmias at 27 months, with higher success in paroxysmal than persistent AF (64.2% vs 36.8%, P=0.006).
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