Analytical Modeling of Photovoltaic Systems Under Partial Shading Conditions Incorporating Bypass and Blocking Diodes Influence

This paper presents an innovative analytical model for photovoltaic (PV) systems operating under partial shading conditions (PSCs). The model is developed through a detailed analysis of the current–voltage ( I – V ) curves of PV systems affected by PSCs and employs a straightforward computational algorithm by adjusting every time the number of cells or modules contributing to power generation and calculating the voltage across these cells or modules, the Newton–Raphson algorithm is then used to solve the developed analytical model efficiently, ensuring accurate integration of all data into the equation of the output current. The proposed model accounts for the effects of bypass and blocking diodes, which are critical for managing partial shading and ensuring efficient power flow. It is applicable to various configurations, including individual PV modules and PV arrays in series (S), parallel (P), and series‐parallel (SP) arrangements. The results are validated through comparisons with Simpowersystem tools in the MATLAB‐Simulink environment. The model showcases notably accelerated execution times and dependable convergence toward the global maximum power point (GMPP). Additionally, the proposed algorithm can be implemented using any computational software, highlighting its versatility and potential for practical applications in PV system optimization and real‐time simulation environments.