Problems and Success of Rebirth Small Towns: Brief Results of Case Study of Russian Single-Industry Towns and Cities)

Under the concept of ecological and urban management development we mean a system of measures and mechanisms aimed at environment improvement for existing towns & cities and the introduction of innovative technologies of new construction. Environment development of towns is determined by the social and economic development and the region (country) as a whole. Therefore, the transition to an innovative economy is differentiated by space and time. Already in the 60-70 years the construction of new towns with large chemical enterprises was accompanied by an environment plan, when the industrial and residential area were significantly separated in space. For example, Nizhnekamsk, Zarinsk and others. The basis of constructing differentiated by region concept can serve as a forecast of social and economic, environmental development, made both area and by region with the forecast of development of the network of settlement and innovation infrastructure. In this evaluation of development prospects are depending on the initial conditions, a system of measures for the regions of different types. Although the problems of singleindustry towns are very specific, it's the part of common challenges. Mechanisms of implementation are legal, economic and organizational. They may be the planning, the technological solutions, new materials, energy-efficient homes and new technology in the utilities sector. There are a number of unresolved problems re-emerging at each new stage of development of the cities that prevent environmental improvement and innovation development. They need to be reflected in the concept, and the same factors manifest themselves differently in large and small cities. Take-out (closing) polluters are the loss of employment and loss of able-bodied population of the small towns. Limiting the growth of metropolitan cities (from choking traffic jams), and keeping the population in small towns, maintaining a network of rural settlements in sparsely populated areas. The development of measures to promote balanced development between urban population, economic base (providing employment) and infrastructure, both social and engineering. The vast number of municipalities are not able to develop the infrastructure at the expense of budget revenues. The thesis reviews the present situation of Russian single-industry towns and cities, it makes factor analysis of problems of settling, simulates and forecasts towns of future on the basis of Russian settlement theory. The results are reasonable and precise. At last, the acute problems are given to obtain feedback information for the future researches.