The development is described of a carbon-fibre field-emission source with a brightness of 10 12 A sr −1 m −2 and currents in excess of 200 μA sr −1 at voltages of 2-3 kV. The source can be run continuously in ambient gas pressures two decades higher than tungsten field emitters at the same current fluctuation level of 2-3%. The source makes possible the operation of field-emission electron guns in conventional unbaked vacuum systems.
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C. H. Lea (1973) studied this question.
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