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The kinetics of the palladium-catalyzed biphasic telomerization of butadiene and ammonia (shown here) was studied. From the results, a model for the reaction mechanism explaining the regioselectivities obtained was deduced. Several water-soluble phosphanes were used as ligands in this reaction, confirming the model. In one case the target product 1 was obtained with 94 % regioselectivity.
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Prinz et al. (1999) studied this question.
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