Shear walls of limited ductility

The design and detailing of earthquake resistant reinforced concrete shear walls of limited ductility designed by a modified strength design method are discussed. Suitable methods for the evaluation of actions and the determination of internal actions are advanced, having regard to energy dissipation and the consequences of heavy damage or of collapse. Discussion is not restricted to uniform walls, but is extended to walls with openings, for which a suggested classification and treatment is presented, thus allowing for suitable design techniques for walls transitional between uniform walls and frames to be determined. Applications of the proposals are illustrated in an Appendix.