A kinetic theory, allowing finite ion Larmor radii, general magnetic field geometries and plasma equilibria, has been developed for hydromagnetic Alfvén waves excited within the Earth's magnetosphere by the storm‐time energetic ring‐current particles. In particular, assuming adiabatically injected particles, it is found that the excitation mechanism is due to the magnetic drift‐bounce resonances of highly energetic protons and the various predicted instability properties are consistent with satellite observations.
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Chen et al. (1988) studied this question.
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